Prayer (Kitab Al-Salat): Detailed Rules of Law about the Prayer during Journey

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، - رضى الله عنها - قَالَتْ فُرِضَتِ الصَّلاَةُ رَكْعَتَيْنِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَالسَّفَرِ فَأُقِرَّتْ صَلاَةُ السَّفَرِ وَزِيدَ فِي صَلاَةِ الْحَضَرِ ‏.‏

Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin: The prayer was prescribed as consisting of two rak'ahs both when one was resident and when travelling. The prayer while travelling was left according to the original prescription and the prayer of one who was resident was enhanced.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا خُشَيْشٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَصْرَمَ - حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَابَيْهِ، عَنْ يَعْلَى بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِقْصَارَ النَّاسِ الصَّلاَةَ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى ‏ {‏ إِنْ خِفْتُمْ أَنْ يَفْتِنَكُمُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ‏} ‏ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمُ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَجِبْتُ مِمَّا عَجِبْتَ مِنْهُ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ‏"‏ صَدَقَةٌ تَصَدَّقَ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْبَلُوا صَدَقَتَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏

Narrated Ya'la b. Umayyah: I remarked to 'Umar al-Khattab: Have you seen the shortening of the prayer by the people today while Allah has said: "If you fear that those who are infidels may afflict you", whereas those days are gone now? He replied: I have wondered about the same matter for which you wondered. So I mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He said: It is an act of charity which Allah has done to you, so accept his charity.

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، قَالاَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي عَمَّارٍ، يُحَدِّثُ فَذَكَرَهُ نَحْوَهُ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ أَبُو عَاصِمٍ وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ كَمَا رَوَاهُ ابْنُ بَكْرٍ ‏.‏

The above mentioned tradition has also been narrated through a different chain of transmitters by 'Abd Allah b. Abi 'Ammar who narrated it in like manner. Abu Dawud said: This has been transmitted by Abu 'Asim and Hammad b. Mas'adah as transmitted by Ibn Bakr.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ يَزِيدَ الْهُنَائِيِّ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ عَنْ قَصْرِ الصَّلاَةِ، فَقَالَ أَنَسٌ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا خَرَجَ مَسِيرَةَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَمْيَالٍ أَوْ ثَلاَثَةِ فَرَاسِخَ - شُعْبَةُ شَكَّ - يُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ ‏.‏

Narrated Yahya b. Yazid al-Hannani: I asked Anas b. Malik about the shortening of the prayer (while travelling). He said: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) went out on a journey of three miles or three farsakh (the narrator Shu'bah doubted), he used to pray two rak'ahs.

حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مَيْسَرَةَ، سَمِعَا أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يَقُولُ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الظُّهْرَ بِالْمَدِينَةِ أَرْبَعًا وَالْعَصْرَ بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ رَكْعَتَيْنِ ‏.‏

Narrated Anas b. Malik : I prayed along with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) four rak'ahs at the noon prayer at Medina and two rak'ahs at the afternoon prayer in Dhu al-Hulaifah.

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، أَنَّ أَبَا عُشَّانَةَ الْمَعَافِرِيَّ، حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ يَعْجَبُ رَبُّكُمْ مِنْ رَاعِي غَنَمٍ فِي رَأْسِ شَظِيَّةٍ بِجَبَلٍ يُؤَذِّنُ بِالصَّلاَةِ وَيُصَلِّي فَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ انْظُرُوا إِلَى عَبْدِي هَذَا يُؤَذِّنُ وَيُقِيمُ الصَّلاَةَ يَخَافُ مِنِّي فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لِعَبْدِي وَأَدْخَلْتُهُ الْجَنَّةَ ‏" ‏ ‏.‏

Narrated Uqbah ibn Amir: I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say: Allah is pleased with a shepherd of goats who calls to prayer at the peak of a mountain, and offers prayer, Allah, the Exalted, says: Look at this servant of Mine; he calls to prayer and offers it and he fears Me. So I forgive him and admit him to paradise.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الْمِسْحَاجِ بْنِ مُوسَى، قَالَ قُلْتُ لأَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ حَدِّثْنَا مَا، سَمِعْتَ مِنْ، رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ كُنَّا إِذَا كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي السَّفَرِ فَقُلْنَا زَالَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَوْ لَمْ تَزُلْ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ ارْتَحَلَ ‏.‏

Narrated Mishaj b. Musa: I asked Anas b. Malik: Narrate to us what you heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say. He said: When we travelled along with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), we would say: Did the sun pass the meridian or not? But he (the Prophet) would offer the noon prayer and then proceed.

حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي حَمْزَةُ الْعَائِذِيُّ، - رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي ضَبَّةَ - قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا نَزَلَ مَنْزِلاً لَمْ يَرْتَحِلْ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَ الظُّهْرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ بِنِصْفِ النَّهَارِ قَالَ وَإِنْ كَانَ بِنِصْفِ النَّهَارِ ‏.‏

Narrated Anas ibn Malik: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) halted at a certain place (while on a journey), he would not leave that place till he offered the noon prayer. A man said to him: Even if in the middle of the day? He replied: Even if in the middle of the day.

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ الْمَكِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، عَامِرِ بْنِ وَاثِلَةَ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ، أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ، خَرَجُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ فَأَخَّرَ الصَّلاَةَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ دَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا ‏.‏

Narrated Mu’adh bin Jabal : They (the Companions) proceeded on the expedition of Tabuk along with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He combined the noon and afternoon prayers and the sunset and night prayers. One day he delayed the prayer and came out (of his dwelling) and combined the noon and the afternoon prayers. He then went it and then came out and combined the sunset and the night prayers.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْعَتَكِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادٌ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ، اسْتُصْرِخَ عَلَى صَفِيَّةَ وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ فَسَارَ حَتَّى غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَبَدَتِ النُّجُومُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ أَمْرٌ فِي سَفَرٍ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ هَاتَيْنِ الصَّلاَتَيْنِ ‏.‏ فَسَارَ حَتَّى غَابَ الشَّفَقُ فَنَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا ‏.‏

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Ibn Umar was informed about the death of Safiyyah (the wife of the Prophet) when he was at Mecca. He proceeded till the sun set and the stars shined. He said: When the Prophet (ﷺ) was in a hurry about something while on a journey, he would combine both these prayers. He proceed till twilight had disappeared. He then combined both of them (the prayers).

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَوْهَبٍ الرَّمْلِيُّ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُفَضَّلُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، وَاللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ إِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَإِنْ يَرْتَحِلْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ لِلْعَصْرِ وَفِي الْمَغْرِبِ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ إِنْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ وَإِنْ يَرْتَحِلْ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ لِلْعِشَاءِ ثُمَّ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ الْمُفَضَّلِ وَاللَّيْثِ ‏.‏

Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: On the expedition to Tabuk if the sun had passed the meridian before the apostle of Allah (ﷺ) moved off, he combined the noon and the afternoon prayers; but if he moved off before the sun had passed the meridian, he delayed the noon prayer till he halted for the afternoon prayer. He acted similarly for the sunset prayer; if the sun set before he moved off, he combined the sunset and the night prayers, but if he moved off before sunset, he delayed the sunset prayer till he halted for the night prayer and then combined them. Abu Dawud said: Hisham b. 'Urwah narrated this tradition from Husain b. 'Abd Allah, from Kuraib on the authority of Ibn 'Abbas from the Prophet (ﷺ) like the tradition narrated by Mufaddal and al-Laith.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَوْدُودٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ مَا جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ قَطُّ فِي السَّفَرِ إِلاَّ مَرَّةً ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَهَذَا يُرْوَى عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يُرَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا قَطُّ إِلاَّ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ يَعْنِي لَيْلَةَ اسْتُصْرِخَ عَلَى صَفِيَّةَ وَرُوِيَ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَكْحُولٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ أَنَّهُ رَأَى ابْنَ عُمَرَ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ‏.‏

Narrated Ibn 'Umar: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) never combined the sunset and night prayers while on a journey except once. Abu Dawud said: This has been narrated by Ayyub from Nafi' from Ibn 'Umar as a statement of Ibn 'Umar. Ibn 'Umar was never seen combining these two prayers except on the night he was informed about the death of Safiyyah. The tradition narrated by Makhul from Nafi' indicates that he (Nafi') saw Ibn 'Umar doing so once or twice.

حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ الْمَكِّيِّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا فِي غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلاَ سَفَرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ مَالِكٌ أُرَى ذَلِكَ كَانَ فِي مَطَرٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ نَحْوَهُ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ وَرَوَاهُ قُرَّةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ فِي سَفْرَةٍ سَافَرْنَاهَا إِلَى تَبُوكَ ‏.‏

Narrated 'Abd Allah b. 'Abbas: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) combined the noon and the afternoon prayers, and combined the sunset and night prayers without any danger or journey. Malik said: I think it so happened during rain. Abu Dawud said: Hammad b. Salamah narrated it like manner from Abu al-Zubair, it has also been narrated by Qurrah b. Khalid from Abu al-Zubair. He said: It is so happened in a journey that we made to Tabuk.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا الأَعْمَشُ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ جَمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ وَالْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ غَيْرِ خَوْفٍ وَلاَ مَطَرٍ ‏.‏ فَقِيلَ لاِبْنِ عَبَّاسٍ مَا أَرَادَ إِلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَرَادَ أَنْ لاَ يُحْرِجَ أُمَّتَهُ ‏.‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) combined the noon and afternoon prayers, and the sunset and night prayers at Medina without any danger and rain. He was asked: What did he intend by it ? He replied: He intended that his community might not fall into hardship.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، أَنَّ مُؤَذِّنَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ الصَّلاَةُ ‏.‏ قَالَ سِرْ سِرْ ‏.‏ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ قَبْلَ غُيُوبِ الشَّفَقِ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ انْتَظَرَ حَتَّى غَابَ الشَّفَقُ وَصَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ إِذَا عَجِلَ بِهِ أَمْرٌ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ الَّذِي صَنَعْتُ فَسَارَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ مَسِيرَةَ ثَلاَثٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ ابْنُ جَابِرٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ نَحْوَ هَذَا بِإِسْنَادِهِ ‏.‏

Narrated Abdullah ibn Waqid: The mu'adhdhin of Ibn Umar said: prayer (i.e. the time of prayer has come). He said: Go ahead. He then alighted before the disappearance. He then offered the night prayer. He then said: When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was in a hurry about something, he would do as I did. Then he travelled and covered a distance of three days' journey on the day. Abu Dawud said: A similar tradition has been transmitted by Ibn Jabir from Nafi' with the same chain.

حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى الرَّازِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى، عَنِ ابْنِ جَابِرٍ، بِهَذَا الْمَعْنَى ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ عَنْ نَافِعٍ، قَالَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ ذَهَابِ الشَّفَقِ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا ‏.‏

This tradition has also been transmitted by Ibrahim b. Musa al-Razi, from 'Isa, on the authority of Ibn Jabir to the same effect. Abu Dawud said: 'Abd Allah b. al-'Ala' narrated on the authority of Nafi' saying: When the twilight was about to disappear, he alighted and combined both (the prayers).

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ صَلَّى بِنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِالْمَدِينَةِ ثَمَانِيًا وَسَبْعًا الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ وَالْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ ‏.‏ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ سُلَيْمَانُ وَمُسَدَّدٌ بِنَا ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ صَالِحٌ مَوْلَى التَّوْأَمَةِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ فِي غَيْرِ مَطَرٍ ‏.‏

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) led us in prayer at Medina eight of seven rak'ahs, in the noon and afternoon prayers, and the sunset and night prayers. The narrator Sulaiman and Musaddad did not say the words "led us". Abu Dawud said: The aforesaid tradition has also been narrated by Salih, the client of Tu'mah on the authority if Ibn 'Abbas saying: "Not during rain."

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْجَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم غَابَتْ لَهُ الشَّمْسُ بِمَكَّةَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِسَرِفَ ‏.‏

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: When the sun set at Mecca, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) combined the two prayers at Sarif.

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، جَارُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، قَالَ بَيْنَهُمَا عَشْرَةُ أَمْيَالٍ يَعْنِي بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَسَرِفَ ‏.‏

Narrated Hisham b. Sa'd: There was a distance of ten miles between them, that is, Mecca and Sarif.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنِ اللَّيْثِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَبِيعَةُ - يَعْنِي كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ - حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَأَنَا عِنْدَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ فَسِرْنَا فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ قَدْ أَمْسَى قُلْنَا الصَّلاَةُ ‏.‏ فَسَارَ حَتَّى غَابَ الشَّفَقُ وَتَصَوَّبَتِ النُّجُومُ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ نَزَلَ فَصَلَّى الصَّلاَتَيْنِ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ قَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا جَدَّ بِهِ السَّيْرُ صَلَّى صَلاَتِي هَذِهِ يَقُولُ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا بَعْدَ لَيْلٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ رَوَاهُ عَاصِمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ أَخِيهِ عَنْ سَالِمٍ وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ ذُؤَيْبٍ أَنَّ الْجَمْعَ بَيْنَهُمَا مِنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ كَانَ بَعْدَ غُيُوبِ الشَّفَقِ ‏.‏

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Abdullah ibn Dinar said: The sun set when I was with Abdullah ibn Umar. We proceeded, and when we saw that the evening came, we said prayer. He went on travelling until the twilight disappeared and the stars became thick. He then slighted and combined the two prayers. Then he said: I saw the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ); when he hastened his travelling, he would pray like this prayer of mine. He said: He would combine the two prayers after the passing of a part of night. AbuDawud said: This has been transmitted by Asim ibn Muhammad from his brother on the authority of Salim and this has also been narrated by Ibn AbuNajih from Isma'il ibn AbdurRahman ibn Dhuwayb saying that Ibn Umar would combine the two prayers after the disappearance of twilight.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ، وَابْنُ، مَوْهَبٍ - الْمَعْنَى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا الْمُفَضَّلُ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ إِلَى وَقْتِ الْعَصْرِ ثُمَّ نَزَلَ فَجَمَعَ بَيْنَهُمَا فَإِنْ زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ ثُمَّ رَكِبَ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ كَانَ مُفَضَّلٌ قَاضِيَ مِصْرَ وَكَانَ مُجَابَ الدَّعْوَةِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ فَضَالَةَ ‏.‏

Narrated Anas b. Malik : When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) proceeded before the sun had declined, he delayed the noon prayer till the time of the afternoon prayer, he would then alight and combine the two prayers. If the sun declined before he moved off, he would offer the noon prayer and rode (the beast) - may peace be upon him. Abu Dawud said: The narrator Mufaddal was the judge of Egypt. His supplication was accepted by Allah; he was the son of Fudalah.

حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ الْمَهْرِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي جَابِرُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ عُقَيْلٍ، بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ بِإِسْنَادِهِ قَالَ وَيُؤَخِّرُ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْعِشَاءِ حِينَ يَغِيبُ الشَّفَقُ ‏.‏

The above mentioned tradition has also been reported by 'Uqail through a different chain of narrators. He said: He would delay the evening prayer till he combined the evening and the night prayers when the twilight disappeared.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ، عَامِرِ بْنِ وَاثِلَةَ عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَزِيغَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الظُّهْرَ حَتَّى يَجْمَعَهَا إِلَى الْعَصْرِ فَيُصَلِّيهِمَا جَمِيعًا وَإِذَا ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ زَيْغِ الشَّمْسِ صَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا ثُمَّ سَارَ وَكَانَ إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ الْمَغْرِبِ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يُصَلِّيَهَا مَعَ الْعِشَاءِ وَإِذَا ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ عَجَّلَ الْعِشَاءَ فَصَلاَّهَا مَعَ الْمَغْرِبِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَلَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ إِلاَّ قُتَيْبَةُ وَحْدَهُ ‏.‏

Narrated Mu'adh ibn Jabal: The Prophet (ﷺ) was engaged in the Battle of Tabuk. If he moved off before the sun had declined, he would delay the noon prayer till he would combine it with the afternoon prayer and would offer them together. If he moved off after the sun had declined, he would combine the noon and afternoon prayers, and then he proceeded; if he moved off before the evening prayer, he would delay the evening prayer; he would offer it along with the night prayer, he would delay the evening prayer; he would offer it along with the night prayer. If he moved off after the evening prayer, he would offer the night prayer earlier and offer it along with the evening prayer. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has not been narrated by anyone except by Qutaibah.

حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ، قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِي سَفَرٍ فَصَلَّى بِنَا الْعِشَاءَ الآخِرَةَ فَقَرَأَ فِي إِحْدَى الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بِالتِّينِ وَالزَّيْتُونِ ‏.‏

Narrated Al-Bara' : We went out on a journey along with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ). He led us in the night prayer and he recited in one of the rak'ahs: "By the fig and the olive."

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا اللَّيْثُ، عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي بُسْرَةَ الْغِفَارِيِّ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ الأَنْصَارِيِّ، قَالَ صَحِبْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ثَمَانِيَةَ عَشَرَ سَفَرًا فَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ تَرَكَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ إِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ الظُّهْرِ ‏.‏

Narrated Al-Bara' ibn Azib: I accompanied the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on eighteen journeys and I never saw him fail to pray two rak'ahs when the sun had passed the meridian before offering the noon prayer.